Theories of Development Cognitive Theory and Behaviorism ...

Off the five developmental theories, I would like to describe and explain two grand theories, Cognitive theory and Behaviorism. The main concepts of cognitive theory focuses on the developmental process of thinking and how this process affects our actions, attitudes, beliefs and assumptions through a life span. Jean Piaget, Swiss biologist and proponent of cognitive theory, developed a general thesis of cognitive theory; he divided the developmental process of thinking into four stages. He said â€Å"the way people think changes with age as their brains mature and their experiences challenge their past assumptions† (Berger, 8th edition, 2009)† . In my opinion, we use and apply the main concepts of the cognitive theory in everyday life,†¦show more content†¦People in special needs might be different, but they are smart in their own way, amazingly imaginative and very appreciative. Although their life is diverse and uneasy, they always are thankful for another day. They thought me to be a better person and I learned to respect them. These new experiences challenged my past assumptions a nd beliefs. The second theory I would like to talk about is Behaviorism. The main concept of behaviorism is observing human behavior. It is also called a learning theory because it describes the process of learning. Behaviorism is described as a force of habit, meaning that after we learn a certain behavior we repeat it without even thinking about it. The most known proponent of behaviorism was John Watson who believed that scientists should only examine what can be seen or measured, which in this case is a person’s behavior. Another famous behaviorist was Ivan Pavlov, the proponent of classical condition, which is another concept of behaviorism. Classical conditioning focuses on repetition and practice, which Ivan Pavlov proved in an experiment with a salivating dog. B.F. Skinner, one of the most influential psychologists believed in operational conditioning, which explains that consequences, punishment or reinforcement respond to our behavior. I have applied this theory toward my son who is three years old. He is a very curious boy who likes to see how far he can go with his behavior. Because I amShow MoreRelatedBehaviorism Theory On The Theory Of Behaviorism Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the theories we have studied this semester in Knowing and Learning in Mathematics and Science is the Behaviorism theory. The behaviorism theory states that behaviorism is a theory on learning that only concentrates on noticeably observable behaviors and disregards any independent activities of the mind. The Behaviorism theory was brought up by Burrhus Frederic Skinner. He based this theory on operant conditioning. This theory has a reinforcing stimulus which can be modified into continuousRead MoreComparison Between Behaviorism and Cognitive Theories in Tesol844 Words   |  4 PagesBETWEEN BEHAVIORISM AND COGNITIVE THEORIES IN TESOL After decades of development of learning theories, many approaches have been inspired and researched basing on the two most popular theories, behaviorism and cognitive theories. Because of their div erse significant devotion at a certain period in pedagogical history, these theories have been brought on debate over and over, to answer the fundamental question of what is learned (Navarick, 2002). â€Å"The primary difference between these two theories is theRead MorePsy / 280 Human Growth And Development1029 Words   |  5 PagesDeondra Braden January 19, 2015 PSY/280 Human Growth and Development Human Development Paper As a human race, in most circumstances we all go through similar stages of development. What most also be taken into account when assessing development is our ranging variations of individualism. Our individual development is subject to a never ending list on influences. Some influences we are born with and some are due to our own life experiences. Our personality comes from all that we are; weRead MoreWhy Do We Do Your Regular Schedules?1368 Words   |  6 PagesTodd Donerson 5/9/2015 Intr. Philosophy Main project part 2 Behaviorism Why do we do the things we do in our regular schedules? Do we do it on impulse, is it something we daily choose to do, or are we simply conditioned to a point where it becomes natural? These are the questions behaviorists think about when studying other people. I believe this is the right theory because I believe that everything a person does, why they think they way they do, why they do the things they do is becauseRead MoreThe Psychoanalytic Theory Of Human Development Research1074 Words   |  5 Pagesstudies topics like the theoretical perspective theories that are used in human development research. The Psychoanalytic perspective theory focuses on the emotional and social development, Piaget’s Cognitive-Developmental theory accents the changes in thinking, while the Behaviorism and Social Learning and the Lifespan perspective discuss many aspects on human functioning (p. 21). These theories allow for a different point of view on development while regarding relative i nfluence of nature andRead MoreA Reflection On Learning Theories939 Words   |  4 Pagesactivities, read literature and continue to learn and to understand child development as all of this ties into learning theories. I believe now that through being a more reflective teacher it has shaped my teaching strategy based on three different learning theories I will reflect on. Behaviorism, constructivism, and cognitivism are relatively common theories used in classrooms as ways to approach student learning. Behaviorism focuses on observable behavior, such as being able to follow two step directionsRead MoreSnapshot1702 Words   |  7 Pagesand psychopathology. Freuds theories became very well-known, largely because they tackled subjects such as sexuality, repression, and the unconscious mind as general aspects of psychological development. These were largely considered taboo subjects at the time, and Freud provided a catalyst for them to be openly discussed in polite society. While Freud is perhaps best known for his tripartite model of the mind, consisting of the id, ego, and superego, and his theories about the Oedipus complex, hisRead Morepsy 3601407 Words   |  6 Pages Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper Introduction Cognitive Psychology/PSY360 Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes surrounding learning, memory, perception, and thought. Though it is still a relatively new formal branch of psychology, its roots extend back to Descartes who sought a way to explain how the mind worked, proposing the analogy of a â€Å"hydraulic system of nerve function† (Willingham, 2007, p. 26) after he observed animated statuesRead MoreLearning Theories : A Comparison Of Behavioral And Cognitive Views1163 Words   |  5 PagesLearning Theories: A Comparison of Behavioral and Cognitive Views Cognitive and behavioral learning theories tend to dominate modern discussions of learning theories. Employed in both educational and clinical settings, both have important contributions to understanding how and why individuals learn. Is one approach statistically better than the other, or do they each have their own place where one approach may be more effective under specific circumstances? Each theory has supporters who claimRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development830 Words   |  4 Pages The Cognitive Learning Theory came into the forefront of educational psychology predominately in the 1950s. At the end of the era of behaviorism, many theorists questioned whether or not behaviorism fully explained learning. Sure, there was an understanding of observable behaviors, but what about what was going on in the mind? Theorists such as Tolman, Piaget, Vygotsky and Bruner all helped to pioneer a movement away from behaviorism to a cognitive approach (Yilmaz, 2011). Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive

Essay on Health Disparities of elderly population

The purpose of this paper is to illuminate and discuss healthcare vulnerabilities of the elderly rural population in Baker County, Florida and describe how the nursing profession can address these problems. Rural health has been a complex and multifaceted challenge for government and healthcare practitioners. The elderly who live alone in the county suffer from low socioeconomic status, low health literacy rates, declining cognitive and physical health and lack of healthcare facilities. The health status of this vulnerable group is impacted by rural culture and social values, healthcare policy and funding affecting rural healthcare facilities, distance and lack of transportation, and health literacy. Method A review of current nursing†¦show more content†¦Consequently, these trends coupled with low health literacy result in rankings of 63rd and 64th in the state for morbidity and mortality respectively. Discussion Healthy People 2020 basically describes a health disparity as a difference in health trends in a community that is closely related to low socio-economics. Disparities adversely affect populations who have experienced greater obstacles to health based on their socioeconomic status, age, mental health or other characteristics historically linked to systematic discrimination or exclusion (Healthy People 2020). Identifying and addressing health disparities for the rural elderly has been a great challenge. Problems of the elderly who live alone in poverty in Baker County are considerable when additional factors such as increased physical limitations, medical needs, and social isolation are taken into account. As a vulnerable population, the rural elderly are affected by their low socioeconomic standing, lower literacy rates, declining health, declines in cognitive functioning and relative lack of available nearby health resources. Seniors often live on a fixed income from pensions or other retirement plans and social security. Additionally, inability to purchase affordable health insurance,Show MoreRelatedHealth Disparities Of The American Indian Elderly Population1760 Words   |  8 PagesHealth disparities in the American Indian Elderly Population by Anabel Rotger The aim of this paper is to gain information and knowledge about health disparities. The objectives are to understand what is a disparity, to determine if in fact there are health disparities, to learn who are the target of disparities, to recognize how does a disparity affect the target, and most importantly to assess how can a disparity be eliminated. In addition, this paper will narrow its research to a specific minority:Read MoreHealth Care Access And The Elderly : Policies, Ethical And Legal Provisions Essay1485 Words   |  6 PagesHealth Care Access and the Elderly: Policies, Ethical and Legal Provisions Jacqueline Collins Capella University November 12, 2016 â€Æ' Health Care Access and the Elderly: Policies, Ethical and Legal Provisions The elderly population in the United States has been and is expected to increase due to the aging of the baby boomers’ generation. The percentage of the elderly in relation to the U.S. total population is approximately 14% (Novak, 2012). With the expected increment, the overall state ofRead MoreNational Healthcare Quality And Disparities Report 20141013 Words   |  5 Pagesone (Davis, Stremikis, Squires, Schoen, 2014). A major problem is America is the health disparities that vary across the nation. Health disparities â€Å"refer to differences in access to or availability of facilities and services. Health status disparities refer to the variation in rates of disease occurrence and disabilities between socioeconomic and/or geographically defined population groups†(Health Care Disparities, 2009). Even though one RAND study suggests that virtually every demographic isRead MoreTrust Is Obtainable To The Health Care Staff That Consistently1257 Words   |  6 Pages Trust is obtainable to the health care staff that consistently grounds their thoughts on the well-being of all their patients. It is imperative for health care staff to open their understanding to minorities in regard to cultural differences and the deterrents aiding their distrust of medical staff. Moreover, the collaborative effort of the United States (U.S.) healthcare system that helped improve and hindered the growth of trust between the minorities and health care staff. Understanding everyRead MoreEssay on Barriers and Disparities in Health Care893 Words   |  4 PagesBarriers and Disparities in Health Care NUR/550 June 8, 2012 Cynthia Holsen R.N. – C.W.H.N.P. Barriers and Disparities in Health Care Everyone should have the opportunity to achieve a healthy life and have comprehensive health care services available to them. To achieve this healthy life, people need to have access to the health care system and to a health care provider with whom they can develop a trusting relationship. However, existing barriers to attaining health care services oftenRead MoreThe Elderly as a Vulnerable Population Essay811 Words   |  4 PagesThe Elderly as a Vulnerable Population Lauren M. Lorio NUR/440 April 9, 2012 Maria Mendez The Elderly as a Vulnerable Population Vulnerability is defined as susceptibility or increased risk for health problems (DeChesnay, 2008).   A group of individuals are considered at higher risk for illness when their physical, emotional, psychological, or social health, is compromised (Aday, 2001).   There are many leading causes for why a population is considered at higher risk; socioeconomic, age, genderRead MoreThe Arkansas Aging Initiative Encourages Hospitals For Practice Holistic And Team Approach Care1087 Words   |  5 Pages Michael Health System in Texarkana, Texas houses one of eight satellite centers on aging implemented by the AAI. The AAI offers two types of services: team service and education service. A geriatrician, an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN), and a social worker form the teams that follow its patients through various health care settings such as in hospitals, clinics, homes and nursing homes. These teams are funded through Medicare. The initiative also offers education for health p rofessionalsRead MoreEconomic Policies For Health Promotion, Wellness, And Prevention976 Words   |  4 PagesEconomic Policies for Health Promotion, Wellness, and Prevention Health has been influenced by many factors such as poor health status, disease risk factors, and limited access to healthcare. All these factors are due to social, economic and environmental disadvantages. According to the World Organization (WHO) (2015), â€Å"the social determinants of health are mostly responsible for health inequities, which is the unfair and avoidable differences in health status seen within and between countries†Read MoreHealth Disparities Among Filipino Americans1412 Words   |  6 PagesHealth Disparities: Focus on the Filipino-American Population in the USA As a Filipino-American nurse living in Los Angeles, California, this writer has been a witness and an active participant in the multifactorial influences/aspects that affect the Filipino-Americans, in health and illness. Being a grandmother of wonderful grandkids has brought me further exposure to the plight of elderly Filipino-Americans in the United States of America. The Institute of Medicine’s Report on Unequal Treatment:Read MoreHealth Care Quality Among Racial And Ethnic Groups1070 Words   |  5 PagesDespite improvements, differences persist in health care quality among racial and ethnic minority groups. (Disparities in Healthcare Quality Among Racial and Ethnic Groups, 2012) According to census data from 2010, African Americans received worse medical care than Whites for 41% of quality measures. They also had worse access to health care for 32% of access measures. Not only are there disparity in the quality of care for some minority groups, but disparities in access to care are common as well,

Career Interest Profile Free Essays

My impenitence of researching, straightening, coping with pressure, applying expertise, logical thinking, and leading are consistent with my profile. The researching means I have the ability to get up to speed quickly when presented with new information and tasks. It allows me to support my opinions with evidence. We will write a custom essay sample on Career Interest Profile or any similar topic only for you Order Now My ability to produce focused and detailed plans while ensuring I see the big picture are in agreement with straightening. M very comfortable with data, identifying patterns, and getting to the root cause f problems by asking the right questions that support my logical thinking. Applying expertise is my understanding of how things work and the capability to effectively implement the use of every tool at my disposal in order to get things done more efficiently. Coping with pressure simply means I can stay on task and be positive through any situation. Together, all the competencies I have described support my capacity of leading. I enjoy coaching mentoring, ND developing individuals by providing clear direction, purpose, and motivation. My work culture preferences are high powered, teamwork centered, and ethical. These correlate to my career interests and competencies in many ways. The teamwork centered culture requires working in a close knit team which is interconnected with enterprising and social individuals with most if not all my competencies. In addition, the ethical preference relates to leading by setting the appropriate standards of behaviors. How to cite Career Interest Profile, Papers

Mathematical Investigations and Discussions

Question: Discuss about theMathematical Investigations and Discussions. Answer: Introduction: When students become efficient in measuring lengths with the help of using non-standard units, they are prepared to use the standard units. When students use various non-standard units in order to measure the same length it provides them with the experience which in turn acts as a motivating factor for the students to move to the stage of using standard units. In the metric system, meter and centimeters are the two mentionable standard units of measurement (Nzmaths.co.nz, 2014). The fact that uniformity in the units would provide them with accurate and easier communication of length measurements can be appreciated by the students. Introducing Centimeter First In primary schools the usual progression of introducing standard units of measurement is to introduce centimeter first. The reason being the fact that centimeter as standard unit of measurement is small enough with the help of which common objects can be measured. There are some other reasons associated with introduction of the concept of centimeter first in the students. This aspect includes the feature of constructing centimeters with the help of cutting one-centimeter pieces of straws or papers which contributes in the establishment of the size of the unit of centimeters. Other than that the fact that most of the primary schools are provided with a supply of one centimeter cubes that helps in the measurement of objects also leads to the introduction of centimeter first in the class. Learning Experiences In the process of introduction of centimeters there are number of learning experiences that are associated with it. With the help of various experiences in the process of measurement of everyday objects an appreciation of the units size can be formulated. In the process of introducing it the learning experience should consist of encouraging the students in the development of their own reference for centimeter like a fingertip (Tucker et al., 2006). The experience of introducing centimeter to the student the learning experience consist of providing them with the opportunities in order to estimate prior to measuring once the students become familiar with the centimeters size. Once the students have been introduced to the use of centimeter units in order to measure objects it can be followed by introducing them to the centimeter ruler. In the beginning of the process the students are required to build up their own ruler. As an instance, linked cubes that can be connected in order to for m 10 centimeter rulers are present in some classrooms. In place of that, the students can also be provided with drinking straws pieces which can be threaded together. In the learning process of the experience is required to be enriched with specific instruction with the help of which they can determine accurate use of ruler in order to measure objects. Clarification is another aspect required to be provided in the learning experience of the students with the help of which zeros correct alignment on the ruler with one end of the ruler requires explanation. Language and Tools In the communication process while introducing centimeter to the class language plays a vital role. It should include development of simple formulas with the help of the understanding of the aspect. In the process simply providing idea that a formula is applicable to all objects for that element will not be sufficient (Reys, 2006). The communication process and language should incorporate number of activities including the outdoor ones, like asking the students to draw an outline of their hand and measure the largest handspan. In this process the equipments and tools that can be used by the children are ice-cream containers, measuring spoons, cardboards, 1cm cubes, meter rulers etc. Introducing Children to Meter First It needs to be mentioned here, as centimeter as a standard unit of measurement is less in value than meter, students may face problem while measuring elements which are bigger in length. Along with it, with the concept of meter the children can easily grasp the concept of centimeter. This makes many education providers perceive that meter is required to be introduce first to the children. The reason behind this being the fact that once children can calculate the length of longer elements which can be performed with the help of the idea of meters they can easily measure elements with centimeters which is required to calculate elements which are smaller in lengths (Fuson et al., 2011). Thus faults in measurement will be limited with the increase in accuracy level. Conclusion It can be concluded by stating that, providing the perspective of standard units is a complex process. Hence while providing children which these concepts effective communication emphasizing upon the language and the use of specific tool is essential. By encouraging the children to participate in activities especially the outdoor ones, their idea can be made clear about standard units. References Fuson, K., Leedy, L., Johnson, D., Friedman, A., Tang, G., Wells, R., LoPresti, A., Roy, J., Herman, G., DeRubertis, B., Demi, Long, L. and Dussling, J. (2011). Math expressions. Orlando, FL: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Nzmaths.co.nz. (2014). All About Me | nzmaths. [online] Available at: https://nzmaths.co.nz/resource/all-about-me [Accessed 3 Sep. 2016]. Reys, R. (2006). Helping children learn mathematics. 6th ed. New York: Wiley. Tucker, B., Singleton, A. and Weaver, T. (2006). Teaching mathematics to all children. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.